The peroneal tendons are essential for the proper functioning of the foot and ankle. They are located on the outside of the ankle and are responsible for stabilizing the foot during activities such as walking, running or jumping. However, various circumstances can damage them, causing pain and limited mobility. Among the most common problems are tendonitis, instability and ruptures of the peroneal tendons. These disorders not only affect the patient’s quality of life, but, if not properly treated, can worsen over time.
Knowing the causes, symptoms, diagnoses and treatment options is critical to effectively addressing these problems.
Below, we explore each of these tendon problems in detail.
Peroneal Tendon Tendonitis
Peroneal tendon tendonitis is an inflammation that usually results from repetitive motion, overuse, improper footwear or previous injury. This problem is characterized by pain on the outside of the ankle, swelling and tenderness to the touch. It can also make everyday activities such as walking or climbing stairs difficult.
Diagnosis of tendinitis is based on a thorough clinical evaluation and may be supplemented by imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI to confirm the extent of inflammation. Treatment includes rest, icing, physiotherapy, anti-inflammatory drugs and, in more severe cases, the use of temporary immobilizers.
Instability of the Peroneal Tendons
Instability occurs when the tendons are displaced from their anatomical location due to a tear in the sheath that contains them. This problem usually results from recurrent ankle sprains or poorly treated injuries. Patients with instability often experience a “snapping” sensation or abnormal movement in the ankle, especially during physical activities.
To diagnose this disorder, the physician may perform specific maneuvers during the physical examination and order imaging tests, such as MRI or ultrasound. In mild cases, conservative treatment may be sufficient, including physical therapy to strengthen muscles and improve stability. In severe cases, surgery is necessary to repair the tendon sheath and prevent future displacements.
Peroneal Tendon Ruptures
Peroneal tendon ruptures can be partial or complete and are usually related to acute trauma or chronic wear and tear. Symptoms include severe pain, weakness in the foot and difficulty in performing habitual movements. Occasionally, chronic tears can go unnoticed, leading to progressive deterioration of foot function.
Diagnosis of a rupture requires advanced testing such as MRI to determine the severity and plan appropriate treatment. In most cases, complete ruptures require surgery to repair or reconstruct the affected tendons.
Treatment Options
The approach to peroneal tendon problems depends on the severity of the injury and the individual needs of each patient. Conservative treatments, such as rest, physical therapy, bracing and anti-inflammatory medications, are effective in many situations. However, in more severe cases, surgical intervention becomes the best option to restore function and relieve pain.
It is essential to seek early medical attention for any symptoms related to the peroneal tendons to avoid further complications and ensure a full recovery. At CreuBlanca we have a team of traumatologists highly specialized in foot and ankle and the best diagnostic equipment to identify the source of your discomfort. Make an appointment now through our online portal.